Citi Group Restructuring

Foundation everything started with the monetary emergency of 2007-2008, an emergency which was of a scale that had never been seen. Numerous business analysts called it surprisingly more dreadful than the Great Depression. Regardless of whether it was or not, that’s something that could be contended. However, everybody was of the view that the emergency is actually quite genuine. Because of it huge money related foundations fallen, banks were being rescued by the national governments and financial exchanges failed to their new lows.This caused the breakdown of lodging markets in numerous nations, customer spending endured enormously therefore, enterprises failed, organizations shut down and joblessness crested. There were numerous reasons that were advanced by different financial analysts. A report introduced in the US senate called it as the â€Å"failure of controllers, credit organizations and markets†. Citigroup’s Sufferings According to a US governmentâ€⠄¢s report which came into the light in 2011, Citigroup which was the third biggest US bank regarding resources around then was nearly failure.Regulators were going to pull the attachments on it whenever as contributors were pulling back their stores and bank’s counterparties additionally declined to offer credits to the bank. How Citigroup moved to new arrangement? Citigroup languished misfortunes over five back to back quarters. In the fifth quarter, in actuality its misfortunes were as much as $ 8. 29 billion. Numerous in the Citigroup consented to the way that except if something is done to hone its technique, Citigroup will never recover its brilliance and perform accordingly.As an outcome, Citigroup began examining its business and systems. It was discovered that Citigroup was engaged with an excessive number of business sections which prevented it from concentrating on its center intrigue zone. While breaking down, everything huge or little was analyzed. Citigroup in i ts yearly report called the investigation as â€Å"wide extending and dispassionate†. The result of this investigation was that the Citigroup at long last chose to realign the group’s different business premiums in two wide fragments: Citicorp and Citi Holdings.The thinking behind this new arrangement was that this structure will enable the organization to concentrate on its center business regions which thusly would improve the general execution, while simultaneously understanding the incentive from its non-center resources. The new structure would resemble this: In Citicorp, organizations which were center to the group’s system and which offered most extreme income potential to its investors with fitting danger boundaries were set. These organizations are: †¢ Global Transaction Services †Treasury and Trade Solutions Securities and Fund Services †¢ Securities and Banking †Global Banking †Global Markets †Citi Private Bank †Citi Capital Advisors †¢ Regional Consumer Banking †Four Regional Consumer Banks in North America, EMEA (Europe, Middle East, and Africa), Latin America and Asia that each incorporate retail banking, nearby business banking and Citi-marked cards (Source: http://www. citigroup. com/citi/financial specialist/quarterly/2010) Citicorp, as indicated by the new structure will be a relationship driven worldwide bank, to serve the two customers and businesses.The resources of Citicorp incorporate its center resources situated over the globe with solid nearness in developing markets like India, China and so forth. Citicorp will have the ability to take stores from clients all through the world in a way with the goal that most extreme return could be benefited. Citicorp will have the ability to serve nearby clients universally and worldwide clients in a profoundly confined manner. While in Citi Holdings, resources and organizations which were not fundamental to Citi’s system were placed.But that doesn't imply that those benefits were bad. Some have had high an incentive in their own right. Some were enormous famous brands like Morgan Stanley Smith Barney joint endeavor. Citi Holdings incorporates: †¢ Brokerage and Asset Management, which incorporates the Morgan Stanley Smith Barney joint endeavor †¢ Local Consumer Lending †North America, which incorporates private and business land advances; auto, understudy and individual advances; and retail accomplice cards International, which incorporates Western Europe buyer banking and other purchaser money establishments around the globe †¢ Special Asset Pool, which incorporates non-center resources, a considerable lot of which are illiquid in current markets Citi Holdings will comprise of non-center organizations which pull in long haul speculations. In any case, since those organizations are not the center one, in this way they don't improve the presentation of the gathering all in all and in r eality they seek the restricted assets that the organization could utilize in a profoundly dangerous and unpredictable situation.It was normal that the supervisory crew of Citi Holdings will rebuild, strip and deal with its business in a manner that amplifies the worth and will take the gathering forward in an extreme monetary circumstance Vikram Pandit, at that point CEO of Citigroup in one of his meeting discussed â€Å"accelerating the execution of its recently developed procedure to concentrate on its center business†. Given the economic situations and business slants, Vikram Pandit needed to smooth out the matter of Citigroup as quickly as time permits to additionally fortify its position and better serve its customers.

African Actions Essay

During the late 1800s, Africa was put under monstrous tension by the European powers as they mixed to assume control over An african area. They were pushed into a corner and had constrained alternatives of getting out. One thing they would not do was yield to the elites that were attempting to beat them. Africa overall responded in three different ways; carefully as in individually declining the Europeans offer and not surrendering their territory, brutally by battling with what little guns they had against the amazingly propelled weapons their adversaries had, and in distress seeing no other choice and no better method to get out so responding in manners that were surprising like ladies battling and putting stock in a sparing soul that could secure them. These strategies worked for some African countries superior to other people, yet as a rule the country was as yet taken over at long last. Toward the start of Europeans scramble for Africa, the head of the distinctive African countries felt that they could fathom this entire circumstance strategically. Europe attempted to simply assume control over the African government effectively and effortlessly, yet the African countries declined to simply let them dominate. The British government attempted to direct a normalized structure to all territories around the Niger River and for the Royal Niger Company. This structure would guarantee that Europe would have control of the lower Niger River. The structure expressed that â€Å"the Royal Niger Company tie themselves not to meddle with any of the local laws or customs of the country† (1). They state that they will avoid every African issue however they truly didn't. Along these lines, an Ashanti pioneer reacted by saying â€Å"I am satisfied to report that we have come to the end result that my realm of Ashanti will never subscribe to any such policy† (2). The Ashanti country needs to remain agreeable with the British, however they don’t need to be constrained by them. The Ethiopian country reacted comparably and stated, â€Å"Since the All-Powerful has ensured Ethiopia up to this point, I am cheerful that he will keep and extend it additionally later on, and I don't think for a second that He will partition Ethiopia sum the far off Powers† (3). Ethiopia felt they didn’t need any â€Å"extra protection† from Europe when they were completely secured by their God. Both of these countries amiably declined, yet that wouldn’t essentially prevent these far off forces from attacking. Another basic response to the European intrusion was brutality. At the point when they African countries would not let Europe attack effectively, Europe took control and just attacked. Clearly, the Africans felt this unsatisfactory. For instance, in South Africa, Africans were being dealt with like slaves and were beat by the Europeans. They revolted and battled with all the apparatus they had yet were totally obliterated. A veteran of this disobedience expressed â€Å"We made numerous charges however each time we were crushed. Be that as it may, for the White men’s assault rifles, it would have been different† (4). The Africans felt that if the British wouldn’t have had the benefit of their heavier ordnance, that they would’ve got an opportunity in winning. Indeed, even in a zone close to the Congo River the Africans felt it out of line they didn’t have a similar weaponry. One African boss stated, â€Å"You think since you have firearms you can remove our property and our assets. You have disorder in your minds, for this isn't justice† (9). In the two circumstances, they were truly severe after their misfortunes and knew they could’ve won if the playing field was even. In Ethiopia, they evened the odds by getting equivalent mounted guns with the Europeans. In the image introduced in archive 5, it shows savage obstruction and an epic fight over the land. When the two sides had equivalent hardware, the Africans really won the fight and pushed Europe out of their properties. Every one of these individuals would not go down without a battle in light of the fact that their property was all they had. The last most normal response was franticness. Africans were edgy and didn’t feel they had numerous alternatives however they needed to do all that they could to keep life as they was already aware it might have been. One choice they went to was having the ladies battle. At the point when a portion of the head of the Ashanti were frightened to battle, the Ashanti Queen expressed â€Å"If you the men of Ashanti won't go ahead, at that point we will. We the ladies will† (6). They would effectively shield their country from being dominated, regardless of whether the men wouldn’t do it the ladies would. This shows genuine edginess in light of the fact that by then ladies could once in a while take an interest in anything administrative, particularly battling in war, however they were eager to do anything. The Africans attempted to energize all other African countries to retaliate also. They realized that there was a high likelihood that they would kick the bucket, which was the reason most countries weren’t retaliating, however one pioneer of the Herero individuals said to another African head that they ought to â€Å"Let us pass on battling as opposed to bite the dust because of abuse, detainment, or some other disaster. Advise all the boss down there to rise and do battle† (7). They assumed if they were going to pass on in any case, they ought to go down respectably and battle for what’s right. It was their final hotel, yet they realized it was what they expected to do. They even got to such a point, that they began to have confidence in anything that could enable them to win. A German military official recorded that in East Africa, â€Å"The boss spread it sum their kin that a soul, living as a snake, had given an enchantment medication to a medication man†¦The medication would likewise give immunity, acting so that adversary projectiles would tumble from their objectives like raindrops† (8). The boss utilized whatever they could to get their kin to accept that they could win this fight against the Europeans, for they were edgy and required something to rouse their kin into triumph. The Africans were astounded at the significant attack that was unforeseen, yet they responded in the manner in which they could to shield their territory from being dominated. Another archive that could be useful in understanding this circumstance more would be a report from the Europeans to the Africans attempting to converse with them initially about the intrusion and dominate. It would assist with knowing how the Europeans initially attempted to calmly converse with the Africans.

Media Control: The Spectacular achievments of propaganda Essay

Media Control: The Spectacular Achievements of Propaganda. Summary of the book. Chomsky looks at and investigates the utilization of purposeful publicity in the broad communications. His emphasis stays on the â€Å"elite† as he would call them, or the enterprises and legislators that control the broad communications in our nation. He discusses how the U.S. government utilized publicity so as to pick up help for our country’s inclusion in wars from Wilson’s administration to Bush Sr., and now in our supposed â€Å"War on Terror† brought upon by George W. Shrubbery. He clarifies how he accepts this first class gathering of individuals control the psyches of those that are less taught, and without a receptive outlooks. He accepts that purposeful publicity has been utilized through the broad communications to manage this populace towards supporting political interests. Why I picked this book. I had gotten notification from huge numbers of my companions about Noam Chomsky and how he may simply be the most significant scholarly alive today. So while I was helping my companion with a task of hers I ran over this book at her home. I flipped through several pages and chose to utilize this book for this venture. I figured it would give another understanding into the job of our administration in the media. How this book identifies with this class. This book talks about the legislatures job in the media. Despite the fact that Chomsky’s perspectives may be viewed as to some degree outrageous by certain principles, his message s significant. We have talked about the administration control of the media. For instance, President Roo...

Book Report: Thus Spoke Zarathustra Essay

The Book The disputable fiction book of Existentialist Friedrich Nietzsche titled ‘Thus Spoke Zarathustra’ was initially written in German in late Eighteenth Century. This fiction book, which was finished somewhere in the range of 1883 and 1885, tells about the author’s reasoning of ‘the everlasting repeat of the same,’ his most combative story on the ‘death of God’, and his presentation of the idea of the overman (Repeboom, 2001). In this way Spake Zarathustra speaks to the way of thinking of its own creator, just as his idea of morals and ethical quality which†as indicated by him†must be considered by men. The book’s principle character embodies Nietzsche’s moral beliefs as against the profound quality of his time. In introducing his way of thinking and his beliefs of profound quality, Nietzsche satirically and clearly appropriated for himself a scriptural style. Thusly, Nietzsche demonstrated his solid resistance to Judea-Christian idea of God and profound quality. Outline ‘Thus Spoke’ focuses on the invoked excursion of Zarathustra†from his ten years of detachment in the wild up to his long goes in the marsh where he met with a few sorts of characters and where he pronounced that God is dead and lectured his own idea of profound quality. The name Zarathustra really originated from a verifiable figure Zoroaster, the Persian soothsayer who established Zoroastrianism. Anyway the method of reasoning of Nietzsche recorded as a hard copy the book is to introduce another structure or idea of Zarathustra, whose scholarly object is to present another idea of profound quality that is entirely unexpected from Judea-Christian morals and ethical quality. With this Nietzsche guaranteed that it was his invented character Zarathustra who is the â€Å"first moralist† (Nietzsche et al, 1989, p.327). Nietzsche went on by saying that it was Zarathustra who thought and discussed the interminable battle among great and fiendishness. One of the well known lines or citations in the book is that acclaimed truism â€Å"God is dead,† an idea which was promoted by Nietzsche. Nonetheless, the most noteworthy mainstay of the story is the idea of overman, interpreted from the German word ‘Ubermensch’ (Nietzsche, 2004, p.56). As indicated by Nietzsche, the overman is man’s image of self, just as the ideas of ‘self-overcoming,’ ‘self-direction,’ self-cultivation,’ and ‘self-mastery’ (Nietzsche et al, 1989). In the story, Zarathustra was 30 years of age when he basically surrendered his home and chose to live in the mountains ((Nietzsche, 2004, p.1). Following ten years of living in the wild, Zarathustra chose to leave the mountains to lecture his newly discovered information and gospel to the individuals in the marsh. On his way down he met various types of people like a holy person, the backworldsmen, the pale lawbreaker, the evangelists of death, the clerics, and the upright, among others. The finale the book’s primary character’s lecturing is the standard of endless repeat. This tenet hypothesizes the everlasting redundancy everything being equal. In light of the philosophical idea of Nietzsche, just the overman cal completely comprehend said teaching, since it is just him who has the determination to expect good faith and responsibility for all parts of his life and to want nothing worth mentioning more than for each second to occur again and again. Zarathustra has an issue standing up to this idea of endless repeat, since he can't acknowledge the thought that the shortcoming of the majority will happen again forever with no advancement or improvement. At the last piece of the novel, Zarathustra accumulates in his natural hollow in the mountain a few people who have not yet accomplish the status of an overman. In his cavern, Zarathustra and his men appreciate a feast and express their delight by singing a few melodies. Toward the finish of the book, Zarathustra at last grasped the regulation of interminable repeat, just as the idea that â€Å"joy is more profound still that distress can be† (Nietzsche, 2004, p.310). The Concept of Overman One of the most disputable thoughts presented by Nietzsche is the idea of overman. As per Nietzsche, the status of an overman is the thing that men ought to accomplish. Be that as it may, one can't accomplish this status without neglecting the qualities imparted upon him by the contemporary strict and ideological structures that ceaselessly poison his perspective and his qualities. During Nietzsche’s time, the idea of profound quality was overwhelmed and directed by the Catholic Church. Every cultural standard, doctrinal convictions, strict customs, and magical thoughts were profoundly related and firmly associated with the strict lessons and fanatical convictions of the Catholic Church. With this, Nietzsche introduced his concept of a perfect man†the overman†through his fiction book titled Thus Spoke Zarathustra (Nietzsche, 1967). In this book, Zarathustra at thirty years old went through 10 years living in the wild and making the most of his autonomy and segregation. At the point when Zarathustra chose to leave the mountain to lecture and spread his newly discovered gospel or thought to the horde of individuals underneath, he met various kinds of individuals like the clerics, the abandoned, the performer, the idealistic, the tarantulas, the last man, to give some examples (Nietzsche, 1967). One of the classes of individual he met is a holy person who committed for his entire life and attempts to God. Zarathustra was significantly shocked that the man was never educated that God is dead. There, Zarathustra affirms that â€Å"man is something which should be overcome† (Rosen and Gillespie, 2000). By defeating ‘man,’ an individual must make his own highminded as indicated by his own will or reason throughout everyday life. Thusly, he turns into a maker of qualities and not a safeguard of the equivalent. Zarathustra likewise pronounces and asserts that man is tied between the brutes and the overman, and along these lines the humankind must look for the happening to the overman by being consistent with the world and this life and by abandoning the ethics and moral principles that harmed man’s psyche and his qualities. In introducing the overman as the maker of ethics, Nietzsche additionally reprimanded all the set up qualities and ethics of his time. The idea of overman is something that is higher in norms and as far as qualities than the men who subjected their will and live to a structure that lectures for the flight of human spirit from earth. Being a maker of qualities, should live as indicated by his ethics and dependent on what he believes is correct, and nor as per anybody’s will or to society’s moral guidelines.  In a portion of his works which were distributed on the Gay Science, Nietzsche recognized at any rate two structures that set the qualities and good norms that ought not be guzzled by any man who tries to be an over man (Allison, 2001). One of which is the strict structure or the Catholic Church that lectures transcendent Christian qualities. Christian doctrine and different strict convictions advocate for the prudence of submission and pity. Nietzsche through Zarathustra battles the nonattendance of any temperance in being unassuming if an individual is too weak to be in any way capable of being in any case. Along these lines, this implies submission is never an ideal ethicalness if man neglects to live as a person who makes esteems. The doctrinal establishment of Christian confidence is against the qualities by which the overman lives for. Nietzsche listed the three sins that can be submitted against God. These wrongdoings are the following†sex, the craving for force, and self-centeredness. These things, in light of the existentialist good code of Nietzsche, should nor be denounced nor deserted. This is on the grounds that all these three, when pursued with great aim and a reasonable still, small voice, are fundamental to man’s presence, force and life. The overman needs every one of the three for his quest for bliss. This is to say†in light of Nietzsche’s Existentialist beliefs that bliss, in this way, is the objective of each temperate man. Then again, state or government is so solid a superstructure in setting unsatisfactory resolve codes and qualities. This is the explanation of Nietzsche in introducing his idea of overman. In view of the philosopher’s individual works, the state is a strong threat to a free and upbeat life since it looks to shape people into a mediocre, foolish huge number. Aside from this, the state additionally advocates for the proliferation of the populist rule of popular government that praises the tameness of the feeble and blocks the development of the solid willed and the innovative. Basic Evaluation Nonetheless, it must be painstakingly noticed that Nietzsche’s contention in his fiction novel that â€Å"God is dead† ought not be taken actually. One of the focal ideas of the book is the declaration made by Zarathustra in one of his numerous lessons that God is dead. This announcement ought to be taken in its allegorical sociological significance or substance than as a profound, magical record. In the book, god speaks to a supernatural structure that keeps on harming the brains of men. This doctrinal toxin is the thing that keeping from accomplishing the status of an overman. By saying that God is dead, what Zarathustra intends to state is that the appearance of the overman signals the finish of the old and antiquated good code of the Christian confidence that had become the coupling power of all social, political and profound existences of individuals in the medieval ages (Nishitani, Parkes and Aihara, 1990). It implies that the Christian idea of good and underhandedness had just lost its grasp on our way of life and standards. As per Nietzsche, the society’s and religious’ idea of the endless battle among great and shrewdness was rationally imperfect and inadequate. This is on the grounds that the Christian confidence and different strict precepts consider numerous things that are acceptable to man malevolent, similar to sex, force, and narrow-mindedness.

Help With Dissertations - Tips For Writing Your Dissertation

Help With Dissertations - Tips For Writing Your DissertationWhen you are looking for help with dissertations, there are a number of things that you need to consider. The most important thing is the topic that you are working on. You need to make sure that the topic is one that you are passionate about.If you want to work on a dissertation topic that you are already interested in, then it is a good idea to stick with that topic. If you feel like you cannot make up your mind on a topic, then there are plenty of books that can help you decide. This does not mean that you have to choose a topic at random. You will want to get advice from someone who is better equipped to help you than you are right now.First, if you feel like you cannot come up with a dissertation topic on your own, then you should look into book suggestions and see if you can't get some advice from someone who has previously worked on a dissertation. Ask them what a good topic should be. If they can not help you, then y ou may want to look into a book on Dissertation Topic Ideas.Second, when looking for dissertation topic ideas, you will also want to look at the process. There are a lot of people who write dissertations online or as they go along. You will want to keep in mind the learning curve that you have in terms of coming up with topics.When looking for dissertation topic ideas, you may also want to take some time to look at the different book options that are available to you. These book options include many different options that are not necessarily book options, but rather you can download these dissertation topic ideas.If you do not want to think about the topic that you want to write, then you may want to consider hiring a tutor to help you out. If you hire a tutor, you can take the time to figure out what you need to do in order to make sure that you can finish the dissertation. If you want to take the time to figure out what you need to do to finish the dissertation, you can be assured that you will have much more success when you hire a tutor.Third, when looking for help with dissertations, you may want to look into putting together a dissertation title. This is an area where you have a great deal of freedom. However, you should think about what you want to say about the dissertation title.Finally, when looking for help with dissertations, you may want to think about what your main question is. The dissertation title is generally the last thing that a student looks at when looking for help with dissertations. Therefore, it is important that you choose a topic that will be easy to understand and will serve as a jumping off point for your dissertation.

Smoking in Public Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - 275 Words

Smoking in Public: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Essay Sample) Content: Smoking in PublicNameInstitutional AffiliationIntroductionIn the contemporary society, the debate as to whether smoking in public should be ban has been a major point of focus for many people. Over the past three decades, the numbers of people who have indulged in smoking have increased tremendously. Although the majority of people in the society are aware of dangers of smoking, many of them still resort to smoking. Even though smoking is a personal choice, people should consider the health, environment, and business repercussions of smoking. The purpose of this paper is to portray how smoking damages human health, environment, and business growth. The thesis statement is that smoking in public health should be ban because it contributes to loss of lives, destroy the environment, and inhibit business growth.Smoking in PublicAs to whether smoking in public should ban, I personally support the ban. According to a study conducted by Centers for Disease Control and Preven tion (CDC), it established that cigarette smoking in the United States causes about one of every five deaths in each year. In every year, the smoking of cigarette has been estimated to cause more than 48000 deaths where 278544 are men while 201773 are women (CDC, 2014). The research by CDC also established that smoking of cigarette reduces the life expectancy by 10 years for smokers as compared to non-smokers. The study further reveals that quitting smoking before or at the age of 40 reduces the risk of dying from diseases which are related to smoking.The CDC study further reveals that secondhand smoke causes an average of 41000 deaths in the United States every year. The study further indicates that secondhand smoke causes an estimated 7333 deaths in every year from lung cancer. The study further shows that secondhand smoke causes 33, 951 deaths in every year from heart diseases (CDC, 2014). It is clear from the study that smoking not only causes death to direct users but also inno cent non-users. The CDC study further reveals that men who indulge in smoking increase their chances of dying from emphysema and bronchitis by 17 times, and 23 times from cancer of lung, trachea, and bronchus.The CDC report further indicates that men and especially middle-aged who are smoking increases their risk of dying from coronary heart diseases by 4 times as compared to non-smokers. The study further reveals that women who indulge in smoking have higher chances of dying from emphysema and bronchitis by 12 times, and more than 13 times from cancer of bronchus, lung, and trachea (CDC, 2014). From 1960 to 1990, the deaths from cancer of lung among women increased by an estimated 500 percent, and in 1987, death caused by lung cancer exceeded breast cancer. In 2000 alone, it was estimated that more than 67600 women die from cancer of the lung. The study found that smoking among the middle-aged women increases chances or risks of dying from coronary heart diseases 5 times as compare d to non-smokers.In terms of the environment, various studies have established that most of the pollution is contributed by smoking. Studies have found that cigarette, when it gets burned, produces carbon dioxide that when it accumulates in the atmosphere destroys the ozone layer which in turn contributes to global warming. The studies have also shown that cigarette butts contribute to water pollution. A study conducted by American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC) established that cigarette contains more than 4000 chemicals that are dangerous to the environment (Jamal et al, 2015). The study by AAPCC further estimated that there are 4500 billion cigarette butts worldwide. Even though cigarette butts are biodegradable, it has been established that cigarette butts take more than 25 years to fully decompose into the soil.A statistic report conducted in 1995 indicated that tobacco industry produces more than 0.2262 trillion kilograms of manufacturing waste in each year. Th e study further indicated that the tobacco industry produces 0.209 million tons of waste products during production. The rises in the waste products pose serious environmental problems. A study conducted by AAPCC in 2008 indicates that there were more than 7300 reports of potential toxic tobacco exposure (Jamal et al, 2015). The huge number of cases registered portrays a saddening and worrying trend in our society.Even though those who are against the ban on smoking in public might argue that prohibiting smoking in the public will infringe the rights of the smokers, it is important to understand that non-smokers also have the right to breathe clean air. Moreover, children and small animals have a risk of accidentally consuming cigarette butts in the environment (General, 2014). Various studies have established that when young children and small animals accidentally consume the butts of cigarette, they may suffer from tremors, respiratory failures, vomiting, and in some situations de ath.Although many people are ignorant on the immediate side effects of cigarette smoking, it is prudent to point out that cigarette is a toxic waste. The toxic that are contained by cigarette can leach into water bodies. When it leaches into water bodies, it may cause diarrhea. According to a controlled experiment which was carried in northern Italy at a private garage, it was established that cigarette smoke produces 10 times more air pollution as compared to diesel car exhaust (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2014). The study further reveals that smoking cigarette produces fine matters that are toxic to human health and air. When the toxic particles are consumed by a human being, it causes serious diseases.In terms of economy, cigarette smoking costs strain heal...

December 1952 The Great London Smog

When a thick fog engulfed London from December 5-9, 1952, it mixed with black smoke emitted from homes and factories to create a deadly smog. This smog killed about 12,000 people and shocked the world into starting the environmental movement. Smoke Fog Smog When a severe cold spell hit London in early December 1952, Londoners did what they usually did in such a situation -- they burned more coal to heat up their homes. Then, on December 5, 1952, a layer of dense fog engulfed the city and stayed for five days. An  inversion  prevented the smoke from the coal burning in Londons homes, plus Londons usual factory emissions, from escaping into the atmosphere. The fog and smoke combined into a rolling, thick layer of smog. London Shuts Down Londoners, used to living in a city known for its pea-soup fogs, were not shocked to find themselves surrounded by such thick smog. Yet, although the dense smog did not instill panic, it nearly shut down the city from December 5-9, 1952. Visibility across London became extremely poor. In some places, visibility had gone down to 1  foot, meaning that you wouldnt be able to see your own feet when looking down nor your own hands if they were held out in front of you. Transportation across the city came to a standstill, and many people didnt venture outside for fear of getting lost in their own neighborhoods. At least one theater was closed down because the smog had seeped inside and the audience could no longer see the stage. The Smog Was Deadly It wasnt until after the fog lifted on December 9 that the deadliness of the smog was discovered. During the five days in which the smog had covered London, over 4,000 more people had died than usual for that time of year. There were also reports that a number of cattle had died from the toxic smog. In the following weeks, about 8,000 more died from exposure to what has become known as the Great Smog of 1952. It is also sometimes called the Big Smoke. Most of those killed by the Great Smog were people who had pre-existing respiratory problems and the elderly. The death toll of the Great Smog of 1952 was shocking. Pollution, which many had thought was just a part of city life, had killed 12,000 people. It was time for a change. Taking Action The black smoke had caused the most damage. Thus, in 1956 and 1968 the British Parliament passed two clean air acts, beginning the process of eliminating the burning of coal in peoples homes and in factories. The 1956 Clean Air Act established smokeless zones, where smokeless fuel had to be burned. This law dramatically improved air quality in British cities. The 1968 Clean Air Act focused on the use of tall chimneys by industry, which dispersed the polluted air more effectively.

The Theme of Family in Achebe’s Things Fall Apart Essay

Family is important in every culture, it shapes people and makes them who they are. People are commonly judged by the actions of there family. Each family member contributes differently and has separate effects on the outcome of his or her family. In different culture the men and women have a variety of roles cut out for them, none are quite the same. Women are very important in some cultures however in others, such as in the Igbo culture, they only serve to be wed and bear children. When women are growing up one of the main things they are taught about is their roles in the family and future. Women have a very important role in choosing wives for their sons because until the newly weds can build a home†¦show more content†¦There are some parts of his household that are normal but there are a few exceptions. The fact that the man is in charge, and the wife serves and has kids, is very normal. Something that causes their family to be a little bit different is their son Nwoye and the fact that he doesn’t see the same perspective on things. Another thing is how their daughter is thought to be a cursed child that keeps dying and being reborn. Also Okonkwo has a stronger power over his family than some others because he has temper problems. However, their family fits the ideal family image on the outside. They live in the same kind of home, there are multiple wives just the same as other families, the man has his own hut and each wife along with her children have there own huts. Okonkwo and his family are also different due to the fact that they have Ikemefuna living with them. It is not normal for a family to have a child living with them that came from another tribe. The only reason they have him there is Okonkwo’s high reputation and therefore, when they got him from the other tribe he was put in their home. Children are dependent on both of their parents. The father provides money and wealth, and is the figure head of the family. The mother, on the other hand, is where the child goes when the father hurts their feelings. The mother is the nurturer to the kids. Nneka- ‘mother is supreme’Show MoreRelatedChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1308 Words   |  6 PagesIn Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the reader is taken on a literary journey to a Nigerian tribe, the Umuofia, to experience first-hand the struggles of a warrior named Okonkwo. At first glance, the novel appears to be written for a very specific audience: scholars familiar with Nigerian history, traditions, and culture. However, upon further examination the novel reveals itself to be a striking chronicle of human experiences, universal themes, and timeless struggles that appeal to every humanRead MoreImportance Of Literary Devices Of Things Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe1626 Words   |  7 PagesThe importance of literary devices in Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe. Good afternoon Mr Wilson and fellow classmates. Today I will be discussing the utilisation of various literary devices to globalise themes within Things Fall Apart. Achebe employs various themes within Things Fall Apart to des cribe Okonkwo flaws and his struggle in Umofia however, how does Achebe link these themes universally? Ostensibly, the novel seems to target a very specific audience: researchers who have studied NigerianRead MoreThe Struggle Between Tradition and Change1056 Words   |  5 PagesOctober 17, 2012 In Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the reader is taken on a literary journey to a Nigerian tribe, the Umuofia, to experience first-hand the struggles of a warrior named Okonkwo. At first glance, the novel appears to be written for a very specific audience: scholars familiar with Nigerian history, traditions, and culture. However, upon further examination the novel reveals itself to be a striking chronicle of human experiences, universal themes, and timeless struggles thatRead MoreThings Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe Essay1064 Words   |  5 PagesIn Achebe’s book, â€Å"Things Fall Apart†, the life of a Nigerian man named Okowkwo is depicted. At first look, it may seem that Okowkwo’s story is the main theme of the book, but upon further examination it is easy to see that the plight of his indigenous Igbo people are the main theme representing what really fell apart. Achebe introduces the reader to the intricate culture of the Igbo people from the earliest chapters in the book. He describes rituals, laws, and religion of these people with greatRead MoreThings Fall Apart and the Case Against Imperialism1433 Words   |  6 Pages12 AP English Burnett Things Fall Apart Socratic Seminar Points of Discussion 1. Achebe begins the novel with an elaborate description of the central character Okonkwo. What do we learn about the values of Umuofians through this characterization? 2. Discuss Okonkwo as an Igbo heroic character: how does he work to achieve greatness as defined by his culture? How does he differ from Western heroes? What are Okonkwo’s strengths and weaknesses? 3. DescribeRead MoreA Study on the Author, Chinua Achebe 1467 Words   |  6 Pages A STUDY OF THE AUTHOR, CHINUA ACHEBE Chinua Achebe was born unto a Nigerian parents in Nigeria on November 16, 1930. He was from a family that born six kids; he being the fifth among them. Chinua Achebe’s parents were Isaiah Okafor Achebe and Janet Achebe. He begin an English at eight in Ogidi, Nigeria. Encouraged by his father, he was excited to learned English quickly. His father Isaiah Achebe was one of the first that converted from their religion to Christianity and he also foundedRead MoreAchebe1599 Words   |  7 Pages Achebe’s Defense of The Ibo People in Things Fall Apart Option 1 The late Chinua Achebe is considered to be one of the most important voices in African literature. Born in colonial Nigeria in the 1930’s, Achebe joined the first wave of African writers who were determined to represent their country in a way that would truthfully depict the past and present. Before the arrival of the first wave writers, the history of pre-colonial Africa was portrayed as a place of barbarous activity. EuropeanRead MoreCritical Review - Heart of Darkness and Things Fall Apart1686 Words   |  7 PagesOne World, Two Stories Conrad’s â€Å"Heart of Darkness† and Achebe’s â€Å"Things Fall Apart† are two significant and well-known works treating colonialism in Africa. When reading these two stories, one cannot help but realize that though the two authors are making two separate points about two groups, Africans and Europeans, they both have somewhat of the same theme. In Achebe’s â€Å"Things Fall Apart† and Conrad’s â€Å"Heart of Darkness†, the theme seems to be acceptance. Both main characters, Okonkwo and MarlowRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1164 Words   |  5 PagesWestern Civilization II Nicole Watkins 11/26/2014 Things Fall Apart Things Fall Apart, written by Chinua Achebe is a story which follows the life and foreshadowed downfall of Okonkwo, a respected warrior in his Umuofia clan in Nigeria. Disgusted by his late father, Unoka, and the reputation of incompetence and laziness he left behind, Okonkwo was determined to not let history repeat itself. He worked diligently and became a wealthy patriarch for his family. The beginning of Okonkwo’s demise occurs whenRead MoreCommentary on Passge (Page 124-125) of Things Fall Apart by Chnua Achebe1162 Words   |  5 Pagesthis passage of Things Fall Apart, by Chinua Achebe, the protagonist and main characters of the novel, Okonkwo, has just been sent into exile away from his land of Umuofia , Nigeria . The crime he has committed to receive such a punishment is the sin of murder. While he is attending a funeral for a man named, Ogbuefi Ezeudu, Okonkwo’s gun accidentally explodes and kills Ezeudu’s sixteen-year-old son. Killing a clansman is a c rime against their earth goddess, thus, Okonkwo and his family are sent into

Essay on Defence of Duffers Drift Book Report - 903 Words

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY B COMPANY, 442nd SIGNAL BATTALION FORT GORDON, GEORGIA 30905 ATZH-LCB-B 17 Feb 12 MEMORANDUM FOR TECHNICAL DIRECTOR, WOBC SUBJECT: Book Review on The Defence of Duffers Drift by Ernest Swinton 1. The Defence of Duffers Drift was written by British Major General Ernest Swinton. Swinton’s main focus was to portray a series of events or battles he commanded during the South African War, occurring from 1899-1902. As a brand new officer, Swinton was giving the mission to protect Duffers drift at all costs. With no combat experience, this young officer had to devise a plan to protect his soldiers and to successfully complete his mission. As one reads this book†¦show more content†¦He used this battle as a lessons learned so that he could apply it to other battles he would soon face. 3. Throughout this book Swinton portrays his battles as dreams, more or less, nightmares. He tells stories of six dreams in total learning and improving from his struggles and triumphs. He learns that in his battles, the natives are to never be trusted. They are spies that notify the enemy of his whereabouts. He captures all that his army can take to cut down on informants. This would include taking wives, children, and servants. He discusses how there is no flanks, nor rear, but all front lines. This would also mean ensure that your backs are not exposed so the enemy cannot sneak up on you and shoot ATZH-LCP-P SUBJECT: Book Review on Defence of Duffers Drift by Ernest Swinton you from behind. Throughout all of Swinton’s battles he also discovered that putting his army on top of the obstacle was not the best tactical move. He needed to ensure that he strategically placed his army so they could see their enemies approaching and have the advantage. Trenches were best used as a distraction and he should scatter his soldiers instead of keeping them bunched up. Another valuable lesson was to look over his area using the enemy’s point of view. Using trenches as purely a disguise would help divert the enemy’s attention, again given Swinton the upper hand. The most important lesson learned was to ensure the element of surpriseShow MoreRelatedEssay The Defence of Duffer’s Drift1119 Words   |  5 PagesLeader, ATTN: CAPT SETTLES, MPOBC 6-03, U.S. Army Military Police School, Fort Leonard Wood, MO 65473 SUBJECT: Book review of The Defence of Duffer’s Drift 1. Reference. The Defence of Duffer’s Drift, by Major General Sir Ernest D. Swinton. Published in U.S. Army Infantry Journal in April 1906, 72 pages. 2. Recommendations. a. Recommended Audience. I recommend this book to be read by all OBC Students. It emphasizes the importance of knowing your tactics, prior planning, and your

Concept of Masculinity and Effects on Body Image Essay...

Interest in body image, its effects on person’s psychology and individual’s position in community, started with Paul Schilder in 1920s. Yet most literature of gender studies is consisted of works about female body image. However, with recent developments over the world, men’s body image has obtained more significance and has drawn more attention from psychologists, sociologists and gender scholars. To analyze this conjuncture and the reasons for it, we may firstly, introduce the concept of body image by defining it. Paul Schilder has defined the body image as â€Å"the picture of our own body which we form in our mind, that is to say, the way in which the body appears to ourselves† (as cited in Grogan, 1999, p. 14). In other words, body image†¦show more content†¦290). On the other hand, due to rise of the concept of masculinity, there are different types of masculinity definitions appeared alongside the main definition given above. One of the most important ones is hegemonic masculinity which defines the male body as totally natural, strong, and also the center of man’s cultural properties and self-esteem. In other words, â€Å"man is not created. Man simply is† (Weber, 2006). Besides, with reference to Cornell, man’s body is the key for his social life and social success (as cited in Weber, 2006, p. 291). Nevertheless, all of these properties of hegemonic masculinity are present, in lieu of emotional affinity, self-reflection, etc. Also, Sally Robinson states that male power or success is â€Å"secured by his inexpressivity, even as inexpressivity damages the male psyche and the male body† (as cited in Weber, 2006, p. 298). Obviously, deficiency or constraint of some humanly sentiments cause a pressure on men over thei r source of social success, namely, their body. In this essay, it will be demonstrated that hegemonic masculinity effectuates reasonable amount of pressure over men about their body image and this pressure pressure is not taken into consideration or supposed as just feminine problem in community. To fully understand the extent of pressure on men, the sources of this pressure should be determined attentively. Initially, the opposite sex, females can beShow MoreRelatedDifferences Between American Films And Hindi Films1297 Words   |  6 PagesDifferent cultures have different concepts of masculinity. If one were to compare American films and Hindi film tropes, there would be some vast differences. For instance the American action heroes tend to treat the damsel as an item, while in Hindi films the character shows his affection openly and often times there is not a rough exterior that must be broken to see the caring man. This idea has also evolved in certain ways in the coming decade s of hindi films. It seems within Hindi film that keyRead MoreMan s Conformity : Hegemonic Masculinity1427 Words   |  6 PagesMan’s Conformity to Hegemonic Masculinity The notion of hegemonic masculinity has altered the field of gender studies and many academic arenas. An idea popularized by R.W. Connell, hegemonic masculinity has played an integral role in the emotional development of American men, articulating the impact that this societal construction has had on the concept of American masculinity. It is a contested topic, yet the impacts that it has in terms of sexuality, struggles for power and political leadershipRead MoreSex, Rhetoric, And The Public Monument1073 Words   |  5 Pagestrajectory, his gaze focuses high above anyone else. His body is striking and his power pervasive. It is here that The Victory stela of Naram-Sà ®m reveals what may be the first illustration of how the image of male beauty has led to implement the male gender as the center of modern-day society. Engage The society of Agade, found in Neolithic Mesopotamia, hints at having been the birth of a new concept: idealizing and protecting the perfect male image—an effect which perpetuates even into current day societyRead MoreFood, In Itself, Is A Social Concept, A Perception Of An1721 Words   |  7 PagesFood, in itself, is a social concept, a perception of an idea that is constructed through cultural and social practice. Food is constructed through cultural practice, defined by its particular usage and representation among particular ethnic and cultural groups. Therefore, food’s significance is much more than simply satiating hunger. Take religious restrictions on pork, for example. What reason caused Islam’s belief in the pig as haram, considering it is eaten by the vast majority of the world?Read MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1416 Words   |  6 PagesPolanski’s 1971 film, and scrutinizes the portrayal of Masculinity. Using guns for swords and drugs for poison, the Melbourne’s Underground becomes a frolicking pitch for Wright’s Macbeth. Daggers, illusion and battling provides a framework into the highlighted theme of masculinity. What is masculinity, and the relation of this cohesive concept to Shakespeare’s classic Macbeth? William Shakespeare was truly a master at idolising the masculinity of a character. Throughout Roman Polanski’s 1971 versionRead MoreMedia s Influence On The Media Essay1587 Words   |  7 PagesHollywood controls most entertainment media consumed by people all around the world. The messages and images portrayed in movies and television shows created by the large production companies affect all those who partake of the media they produce. Entertainment media can be uplifting and enjoyable, however, media normalizes damaging gender norms for men and women. Gender norms are rules believed to govern how the different sexes should look and act. People develop these behaviors by observingRead MoreGender Roles And Body Images The Minds Of Young Ladies And Men Of The Millennial Generation965 Words   |  4 PagesPrompt #3 In today’s society, concepts of gender roles and body images plague the minds of young ladies and men of the millennial generation. These are enforced by popular culture in song, video and magazines that are published. These roles and images are seen by and influence the minds of mainly young girls but not more popularly seen, young men. Magazines such as Cosmopolitan, Vogue and Sports Illustrated flaunt slim women and very muscular men with â€Å"perfect† bodies and hair on their covers andRead MoreGender As A Product Of Socialisation1748 Words   |  7 Pagesseen as â€Å"the active social process that brings reproductive bodies into history, generating health consequences not as a side-effect but in the making of gender itself† (Connell, 2012, p.1675). Her work ultimately emphasises that gender differences are formed by the expectations of society, confining the ways in which males and females should act (Connell, 2012). Connell’s Masculinities theory furthers this concept. She defines masculinity as a set of perceived notions and principles about the wayRead MoreThe Relationship of Metrosexuality to Media and Male Psychology4149 Words   |  17 Pagesacknowledging their increasing attempts to adapt to the ideal appearance and image of a man. This recent trend of metrosexual males is challenging the existing concept of masculinity and the perception of society towards how men are supposed to present themselves. The spike of metrosexuality in recent times can be attributed to the fact that mass media media creates an image of what men should look like. Men are constantly shown images of an ideal type of man that society looks highly upon and this causesRead MoreTodays Unrealistic Body Expectations1311 Words   |  5 Pagestrying to achieve that perfect body. Body image is evident in the gym, as the men are lifting weights they are frequently looking in the mirror examining every angle of their body making sure no area is lacking muscle. On the other hand, women tend to partake in the same behavior as men, showing a sense of insecurity about their own bodies, frequently making trips to the scale to keep track of their weight making sure to stay slim and fit. Society has a profound effect on many people, making them feel

Teenage Pregnancy Among Urban Adolescent Women - 1115 Words

According to the study, â€Å"Multi-level Factors Associated with Pregnancy among Urban Adolescent Women Seeking Psychological Services† teen pregnancy is still an ongoing issue that affects minority women. A great deal of research and literature pertaining to teenage pregnancy has been completed, however not much research focus on teen pregnancy amongst those females with mental illness (Lang et al., 2013). Due to the scarcity of research and literature, an investigation of risk factors associated with adolescent females with mental health issues as it relates to teenage pregnancy was completed (Lang et al., 2013). The purpose of the study is to examine multi-level risk factors amongst minority adolescents with psychological disturbances as it relates to history of pregnancy (Lang et al., 2013). The study examines many risk factors such as risky individual behavior, family dynamics, and environment to determine if there is a direct correlation between past teenage pregnanci es amongst adolescent with psychological disturbances. Method: The methodology of the study was a correlational research study. The participants used for the study were recruited from a larger research experiment that focused on HIV prevention. The study consisted of (n=264) adolescent females between the ages of thirteen and eighteen who were sexually active. To be eligible for the study, participants had to have a participating parent and between the ages of thirteen and eighteen. The participants hadShow MoreRelatedTeenage Pregnancy Amongst Blacks and Hispanic Teenagers956 Words   |  4 PagesTeenage Pregnancies among Blacks and Hispanics 11/09/2012 Tina Trent TEENAGE PREGNANCY AMONG BLACK amp; HISPANIC GIRLS Birth rates in African American and Hispanic teens are substantially higher than whites, a trend that has persisted for decades. Even though pregnancy rates among teens are at an all time low. It is still a major issue but mostly affecting the urban communities. In this research paper I will be comparing and demonstrating the relationshipsRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy And Teen Pregnancy1057 Words   |  5 PagesTeenage pregnancy is a common thing here in America. It seems teens are getting pregnant more than the average married couple. There are some risk factors teen moms face and there is also another great turn outs. There is a major difference between the two. It’s important to tell teens the turnouts of teen pregnancy for the good and bad parts. There are risks of having sex, teen moms can make a difference for her and the baby, the risk of having HIV and/or any other STD’s, and the effects on theRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy And Teen Pregnancy1743 Words   |  7 P agesnegative media teenage mothers struggle to find the positive sides to motherhood. Teenage pregnancy can be dificult and life changing, but unlike the renowned negative beliefs all over the world, there are positive sides to teenage pregnancy. Most research that is done on teen pregnancy is based on the hardships and struggles on teen mothers, making it easy to forget the good that can come from teen pregnancy. A teenage mother can create a good life for herself and her children. Teenage mothers areRead MoreThe Problem Of Teenage Pregnancy1720 Words   |  7 Pages Like Amy and Loeber (2009), when it comes to the ecological paradigm of teenage pregnancy, Corcoran, Franklin, and Bennett (2000) also believe one’s socioeconomic status is a huge factor that contributes to this problem. A person’s socioeconomic status a lot of times determines â€Å"education, expanded family size, single-parent household structure, and lessened resources in terms of employment and income.† These three authors claim that educational performance and goals â€Å"dictate the potential costsRead MoreThe Success Of The Teen Pregnancies1486 Words   |  6 Pages The Success of an Integrated Approach in the Prevention of Repeat Teen Pregnancies Suzan A. Dede Eastern Michigan University The Success of an Integrated Approach in the Prevention of Repeat Teen Pregnancies Teen mothers are at an increased risk for having subsequent births due to multidimensional and complex needs. These risks contain complex social and economic aspects and public health issues. These mothers appear to have a recurring theme associated with â€Å"poorer medical, educationalRead MoreTeen Pregnancy and Graduation Rates1175 Words   |  5 Pages Teen pregnancy is surprisingly decreasing over the years. According to Farber, â€Å"the most recent studies have shown that there has been a decrease in the rate of pregnancies among all teenagers and among sexually active teenagers (16). Although this issue seems is decreasing this is still a problem faced by many teenage girls today. Each year, 7.5 percent of all 15-19 year old women become pregnant (Maynard 1). Not only does this issue affects the pregnant teen but it also affects the economy. TeenRead MoreThe Issue Of Sex Education1613 Words   |  7 Pagesfollowing reasons: higher rates of pregnancy in teenagers, highe r rates of contracting sexually transmitted diseases, and the negative aspects of the aftermath of teenage childbirth. My first area of discussion is teenage pregnancy due to inadequate sex education programs in school. We can safely assume there aren’t any human beings ages 12 to 17 in this world who are ready, mentally or financially, to become pregnant or impregnate someone. Young men and women do not understand how easy it is forRead MoreThe Problem Of Adolescent Pregnancy1800 Words   |  8 Pagestopic of adolescent pregnancy is universal problem in our world today. â€Å"Adolescent pregnancy occurs in all societies, with considerable variation in magnitude and consequences among different countries and regions.† Teenage pregnancy is certainly not unheard of, all nations across the globe have adolescent pregnancies due to social, economic, political, environmental, and cultural factors. Some countries have more, some have less, others have reduced the number of teenage pregnancies over theRead MoreThesis, Term Paper, Essay, Research Paper21993 Words   |  88 PagesCHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT Adolescent pregnancy has long been a worldwide social and educational concern for the developed, developing and underdeveloped countries. Many countries continue to experience high incidence of teenage pregnancy despite the intervention strategies that have been put in place. In 1990 approximately 530,000 teenagers in the United States became pregnant, 51% of whom gave birth (Coley Chase-Lansdale, 1998). Available literature suggests that fertilityRead MorePublic Health Problem Of Teenage Pregnancy2260 Words   |  10 PagesPublic Health Problem Teenage pregnancy has been a common public health problem in society, particularly in America. When an individual hears that 15 year old girl is pregnant, people perceive it as a negative connotation. The average age to have a child today is 28 years old (Jewkes, Morrell, Christofides, 2009).   Adolescent pregnancies are preventable, but are still bound to happen today and in the future (Langille, 2007). This is a problem is society due to teenagers not being able to support

Advantages of Activity Based Costing free essay sample

In modern business environment, the use of traditional costing system is no longer relevance to the company to achieve competitive advantage. Nowadays, Activity Based Costing is considered as one of the effective tools to enhance the ability of the organisation to meet global competition. This had resulted in the change from traditional costing system to an increasingly popular costing system such Activity-Based Costing (ABC). ABC system has emerged as an alternative to traditional costing system to meet the need for accurate cost information about the products, services, customer and processes. ABC performs the arithmetic to provide accurate cost information while Activity Based Management (ABM) is focused on using this information obtained from ABC to manage activities in order to improving business (Gunasekaran et al. , 2000). Generally ABC systems enable indirect and support expenses onto each activity. Following by identify the cost drivers to measure the activity used by cost objects and allocate them to cost driver. In order word, ABC helps the manager to understand about the cost and expense in each production by giving managers a clearer picture of the economics of their operations to managerial decision making at a strategic level (Kaplan and Copper, 1998). Apart from that, in twenty-first century market which is global consumer markets and rapidly changing product technologies have forced global manufacturers to make dramatic changes in their products, markets as well as production strategies. In order to stay in the global market, organisations are advice to adopt ABC not only produces products at faster rates, but they produce with greater consistency and conformity to quality specifications. Also, ABC system allows the manufacturers to reduce the time between customer order and product delivery which can gives the manufacturer a competitive advantage in improving customer service (Gunasekaran et al. , 1999). Therefore, it is necessary for organisation to adopt ABC system which can assist managers in identifying the value-added activities which they could further improve to meet customer’s demands and enhancing the product quality and process simplification and efficiency (Marx, 2009). For example, MelCo is the company that implements ABC and gets the benefits from it. MelCo is the only manufacturer of engineering components in Melbourne. Its previous costing system was a conventional costing system where overheads were allocated to products based on labour hour utilised (Sohal and Chung, 1998). However, management found that implement ABC system in the organisation is seem to be useful because it can assist high level of flexibility and responsiveness that demanded by the marketplace. Besides, ABC system can generate true costing and pricing which automatically give performance measures and product profitability as well as provide a variety of information for management in strategic decision making. Even though it incur high cost, MelCo think that it is worthiness because it provides a tool for management for commercial decision making although it just implement for 12 months (Sohal and Chung, 1998). Due to the changes of business environment, the company requires to manufacture very wide product range for a large customer base with high quality and innovative products in order to fulfil the demand of the consumer. By implementing ABC in organisation, ABM guides efforts to adapt business strategies to meet competitive pressures as well as to improve business operations. ABC information enables ABM to yield continuous improvement process. By continuous improvement, organisation can yield the maximum profitability as well as improved the customer’s satisfaction (Gunasekaran et al. 2000). Nowadays, customers want products and services that fit their specific needs; they want quality service at affordable price to be right now. However, since traditional costing system is volume-based, inaccurate information will be generated which lead to company make wrong decision (Gunasekaran et al. , 1999). Apart from that, stable product and mass production are no longer valid for today manufacturing system. Thus, manufacturing companies have reduced the implication of traditional cost accounting system by implementing ABC systems. In contrast to standard costing, ABC can identify value-added and non-value-added activities. To clarify this, all activities should be compared with similar activities in another company or within the organisation in order to perform the best. Hence, benchmarking should be encourages to be carried out for both value-added and non-value added activities because it is a best practice which is mostly used in real-life situation (Gunasekaran et al. , 1999). For example, 100% on time delivery of customer orders is an essential activity. Apart from that, non-value-added activities such as inspection and material handling can be reduced by using different quality assurance methods and techniques such as total quality management and just in time. With ABC, the company has a better access to decision which related to TQM and JIT (Gunasekaran et al. , 1999). To achieve cost reduction in a strategic way, activity-based costing presents to be more accurate in determining costly activities in order to help companies to better manage those activities. Unlike the information available under traditional management accounting, ABC systems are capture the significant information among customer orders and provide strategic decision making with the indication of the changes in the customer’s specifications (Lere, 2000). By implementing ABC system, it also can reduce non-value activities as well as cost of their products to compete in today competitive market. Non-value added activities can be eliminated with the implementation of strategies such as total quality management, just in time and business process re-engineering. Managers should pay more attention to those activities which will incur high cost but does not add any value to the product. Besides, managers prepared with the ABC systems were able to reduce overall costs, identify the opportunities for continuous improvement of the products. Nowadays, technology plays a dominant role of integrating various functional areas. Although the automation in advanced manufacturing environment has reduced the labour component, at the same time overheads have increased (Gunasekaran et al. , 1999). Therefore, in manufacturing environment, it is necessary for organisation to minimize non-value adding activities to reduce the cost of their products to compete in the market. By implementing ABC system in organisation, it will help to reduce direct labour component, increase in overheads as well as productivity of knowledge workers. Apart from that, ABC also helps organisation in better communications and team working environment as well as reduce time required to perform an activities due to knowledge workers and re-engineering the suggestions by employees to reduce the non-value activities (Gunasekaran et al. 1999). In contrast, the traditional costing systems do not provide non-financial information such as defect rates, level of quality about the organisation. However, implementation of activity based costing is not an easy task as there are several difficulties in implementing ABC system. One of the first fundamentals for the success of an ABC implementation is top management support for the project (Zhang and Che, 2010). The failure of ABC projects can generally be attributed to lack of visible and active management. If the organisation’s senior managers do not show the commitment and act passive in the program, it will negatively reduce the motivation of the employees. Apart from that, the productivity of the employees will also affect as well. Therefore, top management should be give full support with clear understanding of goals and objectives of the whole organisation to the employees. Besides, they should meet regularly in order to advise the management on the strategic and technology business problems (Gunasekaran et al. , 1999). Commitment of employees is one of the important factors in implementing ABC system. For the successful implementation in ABC, the employees must have a clear understanding of its capabilities, goals and objectives (Zhang and Che, 2010). As a result, education and training are necessary for the employees to make sure that they understand the objective of ABC system. When the employees are well trained and educated, they can easily reduce the time and effort required to perform an activity, on-time delivery as well as reduce the cycle time of the product. Also, employees should be provide with internal and external company training facilities to ensure them gain latest knowledge and trend in order to maintain company’s standard in today global market (Zhang and Che, 2010). For example, MelCo is a company that implementing ABC system and it found that the problems during implementation was lack of available skills in-house which means that they do not have considerable amount of education and training. Therefore, MelCo are recommended that training of employees should be taking into consideration (Sohal and Chung, 1998). As a conclusion, the changes of global business environment had changes the way of the company doing the business and shift traditional management accounting to strategic management accounting for cost management in organisations. However, it does not means that traditional management accounting is usefulness and not applicable in today business environment. Relevance of traditional cost accounting is very subjective in each view of the organisation. It may be suitable for some companies treated standard costing and variance analysis as a tool that enhances planning and control and improves performance evaluation rather than abolished it. To compete in today business environment, strategic management accounting is the most suitable accounting system for the organisation as ABC method can provides more accurate and better cost information which can helps manager to understand and make strategic decision making. Furthermore, ABC system can eliminate the non-value added activities which added value to the product cost, by doing so, organisation can reduce those unnecessary costs. Thus, ABC system is most appropriate management accounting costing in today business environment. However, there are several problems and difficulties in implementing ABC system, company should take into consideration when implementing ABC in order to maximize the fully benefits for ABC systems.

Detecting Diabetes Complications in Children

Question: Identify a research or evidence-based article that focuses comprehensively on a specific intervention or new diagnostic tool for the treatment of diabetes in adults or children? Answer: Introduction: Diabetes can be defined as metabolic disorder that increases the blood glucose or blood sugar level of a person either by decreasing the production of insulin or by making the cells less responsive to the hormone (Bertalan Gregory, 2011). With the advancement of time more and more adolescent and children are diagnosed with the metabolic disorder. Most of the children and adolescents who are detected having diabetes have the type-1 diabetes. In the United State, every year around 13,000 children are known to be diagnosed with type 1-diabetes (Kidshealth.org, 2015). But now, children and younger people are also diagnosed with type-2 diabetes. The risk of being detected with type-2 diabetes increases in children with obesity. Haemoglobin A1c (A1C) has been recommended by the American Diabetes Association to be used as a tool for diagnosing diabetes and to detect the subjects who are at risk of getting the disease in future. The recommendation was granted on the basis of studies carried out on adults. However its application to the children and adolescent are lacking. So, in this article, the authors have studied the implication of A1C diagnostic tool on the obese paediatric population. Research design and methodology: The samples for the study was chosen based on the following inclusion criteria- The subjects must be obese. The subjects were not under medications that alter the blood glucose level. They are not known to have type-1 or type-2 diabetes. Around 1156 children and adolescents with obesity were chosen following the inclusion criteria. Among them 40% were male and 60% were female. At first, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed to detect the status of glucose tolerance of the population, which would be the indication of the pre-diabetic condition. In order to determine the plasma glucose level YSI 2700 Stat Analyser was used. Radioimmunoassay was performed to detect the fasting plasma insulin and an Auto-Analyser was used to measure the lipid level. On the same day of performing OGTT, A1C levels were also measured using an assay which was based on the latex immune-agglutination inhibition methodology. In order to establish a relationship between A1C and type 2 diabetes pathogenesis the cell function and insulin sensitivity was checked based on the following index- The Insulinogenic Index The whole body insulin sensitivity index The disposition index. Repetition of the tests was performed after a period of 2 years with 218 samples. Results: Depending on the observations, the samples were classified based on the A1C category- Samples with normal glucose tolerance- 77% (A1C 5.7%) At risk of diabetes- 21% (A1C: 5.7- 6.4%) Sample with diabetes- 1% (A1C 6.5%) In case of diabetes category- Pre-diabetes- 47% Type 2 diabetes- 62% The threshold that was selected in order to identify type 2 diabetes was A1C 5.8% with a sensitivity of 67.7% and specificity of 87.64%. Discussion: From the results, the authors have found that A1C of 6.5% use would not clearly detect the presence of type-2 diabetes or pre diabetes. According to the authors, the A1C could be applied in order to detect type-2 diabetes along with 2-h glucose and fasting as a clinical tool but it cannot be recommended to detect pre-diabetes in case of children and adolescents. Other studies carried out in adults had shown that A1C could be used in making predictions regarding type-2 diabetes even in persons without the disease (Kleber, 2010). But concerns have been raised regarding the applicability of A1C for detecting type-2 diabetes in pregnant women and aged persons (Tuomilehto, 2011). Again the use of A1C is associated with the risk of over diagnosis in patients with anaemia and with rapid glycosylation (Yang, 2010). Overall, the authors have concluded that an A1C of 6.5% as suggested by the American Diabetes Association underestimates the issue in case of the diabetes and pre-diabetes children and adolescents with obesity. However the low specificity and sensitivity indicate that A1C is a poor diagnostic tool regarding the diagnosis of pre- diabetes and diabetes in adolescents and children with obesity. Conclusion: With the increasing rate of diabetes in children and adolescents proper diagnostics tools are needed in order to detect the disorder in the children as well as to detect the children who are at risk of developing the metabolic disorder. Again proper evaluation of the tools regarding their applicability is also very important. So, in this context, the study carried out by the authors is very relevant. References: Bertalan, R., Gregory, J. (2011). Detecting diabetes complications in children.Practical Diabetes,28(8), 352-357a. doi:10.1002/pdi.1634 Kidshealth.org,. (2015).Type 1 Diabetes: What Is It?. Retrieved 21 May 2015, from https://kidshealth.org/parent/diabetes_center/diabetes_basics/type1.html Kleber, M. (2010). Risk factors for impaired glucose tolerance in obese children and adolescents.WJD,1(4), 129. doi:10.4239/wjd.v1.i4.129 Nowicka, P., Santoro, N., Liu, H., Lartaud, D., Shaw, M., Goldberg, R. et al. (2011). Utility of Hemoglobin A1c for Diagnosing Prediabetes and Diabetes in Obese Children and Adolescents.Diabetes Care,34(6), 1306-1311. doi:10.2337/dc10-1984 Tuomilehto, J. (2011). A1C as the method for diagnosing diabetes how wise is the choice?.Primary Care Diabetes,5(3), 149-150. doi:10.1016/j.pcd.2011.07.005 Yang, W. (2010). Diagnosing diabetes using glycated haemoglobin A1c.BMJ,340(may17 2), c2262-c2262. doi:10.1136/bmj.c2262

What You Can Learn From Using A Sample Compare And Contrast Essay Movie

What You Can Learn From Using A Sample Compare And Contrast Essay MovieIf you are looking for a way to really know the most popular methods of writing a sample compare and contrast essay movie, then here is something you may not have considered. There are a variety of sites on the Internet that offer free help in order to help you learn how to write a comparison essay. These samples will also help you learn how to put these essays together.When writing, it is a good idea to be aware of several different levels of communication. You can understand how important it is to be able to properly present your ideas in order to properly convey your message to your reader. The sample compare and contrast essay movie is one of the best ways to communicate to your readers, what you believe to be the correct ideas that are unique to your position.When you read through the simple words you just typed in, you may find yourself unable to get it all. The writer may also find the essay confusing. In s ome cases, you will find yourself frustrated with the lack of clarity the writers found in the samples.In order to avoid this confusion, a sample compare and contrast essay movie can help you avoid any problems with not getting the essay you had intended. In addition, the ability to use the Internet in order to better learn from the most widely used tools, while teaching you the principles of effective writing. You will be able to do so while helping yourself in the process.Use the software that can offer you the option to start and create your own samples. It will take time to get to this point, but will save you the time it would take to search for answers on how to better communicate with your readers in writing. This should save you the frustration of learning what not to do while searching for help, instead of getting the answers you need.Find the best method that suits you. Use some other method to find out how to properly format your essay. While you may find you need to work a little harder, a software program designed to help you learn how to better format your essay, will really help you if you learn how to better format the essay you already have.When using an essay movie, a way you will be able to learn to better organize your thoughts in order to present your ideas clearly. Using the techniques that help you make sure that you have all of the information you need, while leaving out unnecessary information that is not needed, should make your writing process a lot easier to handle. It will take some time to get this up and running but will help you not only write better, but to be better at the whole process of communication with the people who read your work.Taking the time to get the results you want is the right choice. By finding a way to make sure that you always use the best approach to teach yourself how to better communicate with the people who read your work, you will be sure to get the results you want. In addition, you will be much more likely to write better and to be better at the whole process of communication.

What we can do to protect Ozone layer

Ozone layer is found on earth’s upper atmosphere. It is made of ozone (O3) which protects living things on earth from damaging effect of sun’s UV light. It is crucial to protect Ozone layer for living things to survive on earth’s surface. The various ways to protect Ozone layer include;Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on What we can do to protect Ozone layer specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Preventing human activities which destroy Ozone layer; this entails regulating manufacturing companies which emit chlorofluorocarbon to the atmosphere. Chlorofluorocarbon is a leading cause of ozone layer depletion. It is important to conserve the environment through restricting deforestation and encouraging people to plant trees in order to increase plants growth and oxygen concentration in the atmosphere. Introducing policies geared to protect ozone layer depletion; governments should adopt rules a nd regulations to prohibit activities which emit Ozone layer depleting substances. These policies should block manufacturers from producing products which contain substances which deplete Ozone layer like chlorofluorocarbon and methyl bromide. Development of alternative technologies to supplement those ones contributing to Ozone layer depletion; this includes finding alternative commodity to supplement use timber which lead deforestation, fire extinguisher which contain halogenated carbon, and assembling machines which do not emit chlorofluorocarbon. Carrying out research to find out and recover any Ozone depleting substances in our houses and equipments. These substances exist in our homes without our knowledge. It is important to invent a new technology of detecting these substances in order to fully eliminate them earlier before they cause more damage to Ozone layer. Everybody should take initiative to protect the Ozone layer. This includes people avoiding use of items which cont ain substances which deplete Ozone layer. For instance buying and use aerosols and sprays made of chlorofluorocarbon, fire extinguishers with halogenated carbon, insulating material made of chlorofluorocarbon, and maintaining and regularly servicing air conditioners, freezer coils and car air conditioners to prevent them from emitting chlorofluorocarbon. Individuals should report incidences posing threat to ozone layer like use of bromethane in fields and on crops. It is vital for people to reduce activities leading to air pollution like servicing their cars and others machines regularly and use alternative means for transport like use of common buses, bicycles and walking.Advertising Looking for research paper on ecology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally, it is important to minimize high altitude aircrafts rockets and air crafts because they contribute to Ozone layer depletion. Also, companies should decrease or c ontrol realizing of high temperature steam to atmosphere since it is one of the contributing factors to ozone layer depletion. Strict implementation of existing policies Ozone layer protection is necessary. Governments and everyone should have responsibility of ensuring that all local and international policies regarding Ozone layer protection are adhered to. High fines should be imposed on those found breaking these policies. Public education on importance of Ozone layer and how to protect it are required in order to create conscious and make people understand the dangers of Ozone layer depletion. Financial support from the government and well wishers to promote and facilitate activities promoting Ozone layer protection is required. This includes funding of programs like tree planting, sanitation program and public education program geared to protect ozone layer. People should advocate for improved regulations and control policies from the government and other concerned authorities to protect of Ozone layer. This is to emphasize on its importance and push for better reforms on Ozone layer protection. Bureau of standards should scrutinize all new products to confirm if they contain Ozone layer depleting substances before they are approved to circulate in the market. This research paper on What we can do to protect Ozone layer was written and submitted by user Caitlyn Bell to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

An In-Depth Look at the Lightning Thief

An In-Depth Look at 'the Lightning Thief' The first book in Rick Riordan’s Percy Jackson and the Olympians series, The Lightning Thief, was published in 2005. This book is an entertaining introduction to a world of half-bloods, heroes, and Greek mythology. From the hilarious chapter titles (â€Å"We Take a Zebra to Vegas†) to the action-packed and thrilling text, to the strong narrative voice and compelling characters, readers of all ages (especially those ages 10 to 13) will find themselves immersed in Percy’s world. Many readers are unable to put the book down. Story Synopsis The books protagonist is 12-year-old Percy Jackson, who has dyslexia. He cant seem to keep himself out of trouble. He has been kicked out of a lot of boarding schools, but the last thing he wants to do is get kicked out of Yancy Academy. Things go horribly wrong on a field trip to the Metropolitan Museum of Art when he and his best friend Grover are attacked by their math teacher, who has turned into a monster. Percy narrowly escapes this monster, then learns the truth about why his teacher attacked him. It turns out that Percy is a half-blood, the son of a Greek god, and there are monsters trying to kill him. The safest place is at Camp Half-Blood, a summer camp on Long Island for the children of the gods. Here, Percy is introduced to a new world of gods, magic, quests, and heroes. After a series of page-turning events where Percys mother is kidnapped and Zeuss master lightning bolt is stolen, a crime for which Percy is being blamed,  he sets out on a quest with his friends Grover and Annabeth. They want to find the lightning bolt and return it to Mount Olympus on the 600th floor of the Empire State building. Percy and his friends mission takes them in all sorts of odd directions and on adventures around the country. By the end of the book, Percy and his pals have helped restore order among the gods, and his mom is set free. Why Its Worth Reading While the plot sounds needlessly complicated, it works as a whole to keep the reader engaged. There’s an overarching story that holds all the smaller pieces together. The smaller side plots introduce various Greek gods and myths that make the story so much fun to read. Riordan knows his Greek mythology and understands how to make these stories interesting for kids. The Lightning Thief is appealing to both boys and girls, as the book is peppered with strong male and female heroes and heroines. The Lightning Thief provides a fantastic start to a fun series. Its highly recommended reading for children aged 10 to 13. About Author Rick Riordan A former sixth grade English and social studies teacher, Rick Riordan is the author of the Percy Jackson and the Olympians series, the  Heroes of Olympus  series, and The Kane Chronicles  series. He has also been a part of The 39 Clues series. Riordan is an outspoken advocate of books that are accessible and interesting to read for kids with dyslexia and other learning disabilities. He is also the author of an award-winning mystery series for adults. Sources: Riordan, R. (2005).  The . New York: Hyperian Books.Lightening Thief Rick Riordan. (2005). Retrieved from http://rickriordan.com/

Organzational Development The Process of Leading Orginzational Change Essay

Organzational Development The Process of Leading Orginzational Change Case Study 3,4, & 5 - Essay Example Although, they both give individual feelings and perceptions, the first data will take a lot of time because the ideas are not organized in a simpler manner. Not much difference can be noticed from the two data. While meeting Nancy we will majorly focus on the demand that are not being attended to and that need adjustment. The purpose of individual assessment of the team was to mix each other a bit so as to enhance a good understanding of one another. During this assessment it would be possible to realize areas that should be improved and what deficiency is at the working place. In addition to this, it will also ensure that the workers are able to open up to each other. The interrelation will ease the team’s interaction which will enhance maximization of an individual’s output. The instrument that is used was purposely to ensure that the workers are aware of one another discrete working style. It is good to have knowledge of your working partners’ style so as to enhance a good working environment. The instrument was introduced as a way of analyzing individual style of work. Lori describes it as way of letting the workers have a good understanding amongst them, and not to mean that was what they really are. Every member of the team needs to know what style he/she prefers when part of the team. The explanation was done well, although, an improvement on the description should have been enhanced. This is because some employees would make decision without clear understanding of what really describes them. An example is when Cindy objects the word controlling as it has been used to describe someone who seeks attention and lead the rest. She finds the term so negative. Actually controlling does not fully describe someone who follows teams’ decisions. The idea of separating the workers according to the style that they think of themselves was a good idea. They are divided to help us identify what one thinks is the best style to

Trust Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Trust Law - Essay Example The facts of the case reveal that there was no such agreement put into writing respecting the purchase of Camelot. In its absence, the relationship of trust, if any, can only be Implied. And according to the book Introduction to Property Law by Dr. Mica Oldham, there are two kinds of Implied Trusts: Resulting Trust and Constructive Trust. Resulting Trusts arise when the parties who purchase a property are: business partners or the money used for the purchase was or was part of the business asset; or mortgagees and the mortgaged amount was used as the purchase money, or; contributors of unequal amount of money to the purchase price. The personalities involved i.e., Arthur, Merlin, Morgana, Lancelot and Guinevere, are not business partners nor was the money used a business asset. Neither are the parties mortgagees. On the other hand, the parties contributed monies for the purchase price: Merlin,  £400,000; Arthur,  £200,000; Lancelot,  £200,000, and; Morgana,  £200,000. Since Arthur had no extra cash to pay for attorney’s fees and registration fees, Guinevere, an old acquaintance, magnanimously loaned him  £5,000. With respect to Merlin and the rest, viz., Arthur, Lancelot and Morgana, a Resulting Trust was created, applying the doctrine of law laid down in the case of Dyer v. Dyer, [1788] 2 Cox Eq Cas 92 at 93 which stated that: However with respect to Arthur, Lancelot and Morgana who gave the equal amount of  £200,000 each, the doctrine laid down in Wilson v Wilson [1969] 3 All ER 945 at 949 which states to the effect that persons whose contributions to the purchase price are in equal amounts are presumed to have created a Joint Tenancy in equity. The Wilson case therefore, provides an exception to the general doctrine held in the Dyer case. To restate: Merlin and Arthur’s group (composing of Arthur, Lancelot and Morgana) created, by implication, a Resulting

Business Ratio Essay Example for Free

Business Ratio Essay The profit margin is mostly used for internal comparison. Individual businesses operating and financing arrangements vary so much that different entities are bound to have different levels of expenditure, so that comparison of one with another can have little meaning. Digi has a highest net profit margin ratio among the 3 company which is 21.03%, while Axiata and YTL have 14.26% and 7.87%. YTL with a lowest profit margin indicates a low margin of safety: higher risk that a decline in sales will erase profits and result in a net loss. Profit margin is an indicator of a companys pricing strategies and how well it controls costs. Differences in competitive strategy and product mix cause the profit margin to vary among different companies. Liquidity ratio (current ratio) The current ratio is an indication of a firms market liquidity and ability to meet creditors demands. Acceptable current ratios vary from industry to industry and are generally between 1.5 and 3 for healthy businesses. Axiata and YTL have a current ratio that is 1.1632 and 1.3149 is near to this range, it generally indicates moderate short-term financial strength. Digi has a current ratio that below 1, the current liabilities exceed current assets. Digi may have problems meeting its short-term obligations. Low values for the current ratios indicate that Digi may have difficulty meeting current obligations. But if inventory turns over much more rapidly than the accounts payable become due, then the current ratio will be less than one. This can allow Digi to operate with a low current ratio. Leverage ratio (Debt ratio) YTL debt ratio is 0.7403 which is higher than Axiata and Digi which is 0.4826 and 0.7098. The higher the ratio means the greater risk will be associated with the firms operation. In addition, high debt to assets ratio may indicate low borrowing capacity of a firm, which in turn will lower the firms financial flexibility. The debt ratio shows the proportion of a companys assets which are financed through debt. The ratio of Axiata is less than 0.5, most of the companys assets are financed through equity. Companies with high debt ratios are said to be highly leveraged, not highly liquid as stated above. Digi and YTL with a high debt ratio could be in danger if creditors start to demand repayment of debt. Activity Ratio (Total assets turn over) Asset turnover is a financial ratio that measures the efficiency of a companys use of its assets in generating sales revenue or sales income to the company. Companies with low profit margins tend to have high asset turnover, while those with high profit margins have low asset turnover. Digi has a profit margins which is 1.193times is much higher than Axiata and YTL, 0.4182times and 0.3892times. These show that Digi has a high asset turnover while Axiata and YTL have low asset turnover. Companies in the retail industry tend to have a very high turnover ratio due mainly to cutthroat and competitive pricing. Market Ratio (Earnings per Share ratio) Earnings per share are the amount of earnings per each outstanding share of a companys stock. In the United States, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) requires companies income statements to report EPS for each of the major categories of the income statement: continuing operations, discontinued operations, extraordinary items, and net income. Axita has the highest market ratio which is 28sen out of every ordinary share. Digi and YTL have lower market ratio, 16.1sen and 11.53sen. Compare with Digi and YTL, Axiata has the highest market value. Axiata earn 28sen out of every ordinary share. Days Sales Outstanding (DSO) Ratio Day sales outstanding are a calculation used by a company to estimate their average collection period. It is a financial ratio that illustrates how well a companys accounts receivables are being managed. The day’s sales outstanding analysis provides general information about the number of days on average that customers take to pay invoices. YTL has higher DSO ratio, 72.72days can indicate a customer base with credit problems and is deficient in its collections activity. Digi and Axiata which have a lower ratio, 27.96days and 46.74days may indicate that firms credit policy is too rigorous, which may be hampering sales.

abortion :: essays research papers

I'm late for my period. I've never had sex willingly. Oh God I hope it wasn't from that night. How can I live with myself or tell some one my secret. No one will believe me, it was my own boyfriend. It's my fault anyway, I should've wanted to have sex, he told me we were going to get married. Where is he now? He said he'll love me forever, I need him by my side. I think I'm going to take the test. I can't be pregnant! How can I explain to the child that I don't want it. I have major plans like college and meeting my Prince Charming. I don't want to have a kid, especially since it's face is going to remind me of the worst night of my life. I can't be pregnant I'm only 18 years old. I have college to go to next year, I'm not even with Bill anymore. "NO! STOP!!! PLEASE STOP!!!!" I cried as this "man" took me into his world, one in which I know I didn't belong. "ATLEAST PUT A CONDOM ON!! WHO ARE YOU? WHY ARE YOU DOING THIS TO ME? PLEASE STOP!!!!" I kept crying and he was in such rage and had such determination that I would succomb to his ways and enjoy the most horrible experience of my life. So, I'm going to take a pregnancy test. I pray I'm not pregnent. I can't imagine telling anyone. They know I don't believe in premarital sex. I still consider myself a virgin. I've never told anyone about that night, so if I just end up pregnant, who is going to believe me? I hope my mom stays by myside, I know she is going to be outraged. I hope Bill will put it his two cents in, should I even tell him? Abortions are legal in my state. It seems like a reasonable thing to do. I don't want to kill my baby or throw him away in the dumpster. I would put it up for adoption, but every morning and night for the next nine months I am going to relive that horrible night. Roe v. Wade was based on this case. In 1973, The state of Texas had outlawed abortions. The Supreme Court declared the law unconstitutional, but refused to order an injuction againts the state. On January 22, 1973, The Supreme Court voted the right to privacy including abortions.